Categories of Joint Replacement Surgery in Pakistan

Categories of Joint Replacement Surgery in Pakistan   

Types of Joint Replacement Surgery in Pakistan:

Our body is sort of a working machine, locomotion may be a part of the lifestyle . Sometimes consciously and sometimes unconsciously we keep it up moving our body. This movement is feasible due to the joints within the body that aid within the movement. Our joints are during a continuous state of motion thanks to which problems may arise. Age factor results in the degeneration of bones and therefore the weakening of joints thanks to arthritis. Moreover, joints also can get damaged by an injury, a fracture or the other disorder.

What is joint replacement surgery?

It is a procedure during which the damaged joint is faraway from its location and replaced with a man-made joint called prosthesis that's made from ceramic, metal, or plastic material. This implant may be a replica of the joint removed and impersonates its locomotive motion.

When joint replacement surgery is recommended?

An injury can cause severe damage to the cartilage with which the bones articulate. The foremost thing is to treat the damage with medicine, physiotherapy or exercises. But if these remedies don't work and joint becomes more painful and swollen then doctors recommend joint replacement surgery after a couple of examinations.

The most common sorts of joint replacement surgery in Pakistan are that of knee and hip but other surgeries like that of ankle, shoulder, elbow, and wrist also are conducted. Below are the mentioned sorts of joint replacement surgery in Pakistan.

Knee Anatomy of joint:

The knee may be a hinge joint that's between the thigh bone i.e femur and shinbone i.e tibia. Knee cap also called patella connects the lower end of the femur with the topmost a part of the tibia. the top where the bones meet is roofed with cartilage that helps to maneuver the knee easily.
How the procedure is administered
Knee replacement is additionally called knee resurfacing because the surface of the bones is replaced only. little amount of bone alongside the cartilage covering the ends of femur and tibia is removed, replaced with metal components, and cemented to repair them properly. This step recreates the surface of the joint. then undersurface of the kneecap is carefully cut and a plastic button is placed to resurface it. to form the joint move smoothly a spacer made from plastic is placed between the metal components.

Elbow Anatomy of joint

The elbow may be a hinge joint made by the connection of three bones that's the upper long bone called humerus and two lower arm bones that's radius and ulna. Cartilage covers the ends of the bones where they meet one another to make sure smooth gliding of joint.

How the procedure is administered 

In this sort of joint replacement surgery, the damaged parts are removed and replaced with metal components. Two metal stems are inserted within the cavity of bones. the synthetic hinge joint is formed from metal and plastic. differing types of elbow replacements are done and components are of various sizes. Also, the partial elbow replacement option is there but the proper option is often selected by discussing it with the doctor.

Wrist Anatomy of joint:

The anatomy of the wrist is extremely complicated. It consists of two rows of bones called carpels on the hand side of the wrist. Each row consists of 4 bones. the primary row of bones is connected to the radius and ulna of the lower arm and therefore the second-row radiate bent to form the finger and thumb bones.

How the procedure is administered? wrist replacement surgery is usually carried out alongside other procedures to treat deformities and disorders in nerves, tendons, and joints of the fingers and thumb. This surgery is usually done as an outpatient procedure.
Surgery is completed by making a little cut at the rear of the wrist. The damaged parts of the radius and ulna connected to the lower row of the wrist carpel and therefore the first row of the carpel are removed. Then artificial radial components are inserted to the middle of the radius bone of the lower arm, which is fixed by bone cement. consistent with the built of the component, the carpal components are fixed to the middle hand bone by screwing or by cementing into the leftover row of carpal. A plastic spacer is employed between components for the graceful gliding of joints.

Shoulder Anatomy of joint:

The scapula comprises three bones that's humerus, scapula, and clavicle. The humerus is that the upper long bone, the scapula is that the scapula while clavicle is that the collarbone. The shoulder may be a ball and socket joint where the ball is at the highest of upper long bone which inserts into the socket at the scapula . to make sure smooth movement the surfaces of the bones where they meet are covered with cartilage.

How the procedure is carried out?

The damaged parts of the shoulder are removed carefully and replaced with artificial components that are made from metal. Either both ball and socket are replaced or simply the ball at the highest of the humerus bone.

Hip Anatomy of joint:

The hip is the largest bone within the physical body that features a ball and socket joint. the massive bone I.e pelvis is connected to the thigh bone I.e femur through a socket called the acetabulum. Whereas the ball is on the top of the femur bone. The surface of the ball and socket joint is roofed with cartilage that protects the ends of the bones and helps to maneuver easily.

How the procedure is carried out?

The damaged ball on the highest of the femur is carefully removed and a metal stem is inserted into the hollow center of femur then the metal or ceramic ball is placed over the metal stem. Then the socket attached to the pelvic bone is replaced with a metal socket. Cement or screws are wont to fix the socket to the pelvis. A spacer made from ceramic, metal or plastic is sandwiched between ball and socket to make the sure smooth movement of the joint.

Ankle Anatomy of joint

The ankle is made where the tibia joins the talus. Tibia is that the shinbone while talus is that the foot bone. Cartilage covers the ends of the joint where the bones connect one another to form the movement of joint smooth and straightforward.

How the procedure is carried out?

A cut is formed on the foot to succeed in the affected ankle. The damaged parts on the top of tibia and talus are removed and replaced with artificial metal components. A plastic is inserted between the components to make sure smooth movement by the joint.

Conclusion:

Joint pain is some things that ought to not be overlooked by the patient. regardless of what the cause is, immediately consult your doctor for the recommendation if the pain is intolerable or isn't curing with medicine. Several famous orthopedic surgeons doing differing types of joint replacement surgery in Pakistan. Among these include Dr M. A Wajid Lahore, Dr Sajid Aslam Khwaja, Rawalpindi, Prof. Dr Lal Muhammad Khan Kakar, Quetta, Dr Muhammd Munir Ahmed Khan, Islamabad, Dr Niaz Hussain Hyderabad and lots of more.